function ChannelOut = apply_channel_effects(RadarParams)
    Target = RadarParams.Target;
    TxPos = RadarParams.Antenna.TxPos;
    RxPos = RadarParams.Antenna.RxPos;
    NumChirps = RadarParams.Waveform.NumChirps;
    Timing = RadarParams.Waveform.Timing;
    fs_adc = RadarParams.Waveform.fs_adc;
    f_start = RadarParams.Waveform.f_start;
    Slope = RadarParams.Waveform.Slope;
    c = RadarParams.Basic.c;
    NumTx = size(TxPos, 2);
    NumRx = size(RxPos, 2);
    NumTargets = Target.NumTargets;
    T_pri = RadarParams.Waveform.PRI;
    
    t_adc = 0 : 1/fs_adc : (Timing.AdcSampTime - 1/fs_adc);
    N_adc = length(t_adc);
    
    % [핵심] 처프 내 샘플별 순시 주파수 및 파장 계산
    % t_adc에 따라 주파수가 변하므로 파장(lambda)도 샘플마다 변함
    f_inst = f_start + Slope * t_adc; 
    lambda_t = c ./ f_inst;          
    
    ChannelOut.tau = zeros(NumTargets, NumRx, NumTx, NumChirps, N_adc);
    ChannelOut.space_loss_amp = zeros(NumTargets, NumRx, NumTx, NumChirps, N_adc);
    
    ref_point = (TxPos(:,1) + RxPos(:,1)) / 2;
    
    for k = 1:NumTargets
        az_rad = deg2rad(Target.az(k));
        el_rad = deg2rad(Target.el(k));
        rel_pos0 = Target.R(k) * [cos(el_rad)*sin(az_rad); cos(el_rad)*cos(az_rad); sin(el_rad)];
        target_world_pos0 = ref_point + rel_pos0;
        v_vec = Target.v(k) * (rel_pos0 / norm(rel_pos0));
        
        sigma = 10^(Target.rcs(k)/10);
        
        for m = 0:NumChirps-1
            % 처프 간 이동 반영
            target_pos_at_chirp = target_world_pos0 + v_vec * (m * T_pri);
            
            for tx = 1:NumTx
                for rx = 1:NumRx
                    % 처프 내 샘플별 이동 반영
                    curr_target_pos = target_pos_at_chirp + v_vec * t_adc;
                    d_tx = sqrt(sum((curr_target_pos - TxPos(:,tx)).^2, 1));
                    d_rx = sqrt(sum((curr_target_pos - RxPos(:,rx)).^2, 1));
                    
                    % TTD 지연 시간 저장
                    ChannelOut.tau(k, rx, tx, m+1, :) = (d_tx + d_rx) / c;
                    
                    % [가변 파장 적용] 주파수 대역폭에 따른 공간 감쇠 변화 반영
                    denom = (4*pi)^3 * (d_tx.^2 .* d_rx.^2);
                    ChannelOut.space_loss_amp(k, rx, tx, m+1, :) = sqrt((lambda_t.^2 * sigma) ./ denom);
                end
            end
        end
    end
end